Elizabeth Hayes, Christine. Introduction to the Bible (The Open Yale Courses Series) (pp. 246-247). Yale University Press. Kindle Edition. Emphasis and formatting into a number list is by this web guy.
Literary Prophets The period of classical prophecy (or literary prophecy) begins with the eighth-century prophets Amos and Hosea. The last of the literary prophets was Malachi (fifth century B.C.E.). The prophets spanned 320 years, from 750 to 430 B.C.E., and responded to urgent crises in the life of the nation. In fact, the prophets can be grouped according to four critical periods: (1) prophets of the Assyrian crisis, (2) prophets of the Babylonian crisis, (3) prophets of the exile, and (4) prophets of the postexilic and restoration community.
- In the eighth century, the Assyrian Empire threatened the two kingdoms of Israel and Judah. The prophets Amos and Hosea prophesied in the northern kingdom prior to and during the Assyrian crisis and warned of the impending doom that would come as punishment for violations of the Mosaic Covenant.
- When Israel fell in 722 and Judah was similarly threatened, two Judean prophets, Micah and Isaiah, carried a similar message to the Judeans.
- With the fall of Nineveh in 612—an event celebrated in the short book of Nahum—Babylon became the new imperial master of the region. Judah was reduced to the status of vassal state but plotted revolt and sought assistance from Egypt.
- The prophets Habakkuk and Jeremiah prophesied in Judah prior to and during the Babylonian crisis. Jeremiah urged political submission to Babylon, the agent of Yahweh’s just punishment. He witnessed the events of the destruction and lived out his final years in Egypt.
- The sixth-century postexilic prophet Ezekiel spoke to his fellow citizens in exile in Babylonia, asserting the justice of Yahweh’s punishment but also offering consolation and encouragement, with visions of a rebuilt temple and glowing future.
- At the end of the sixth century, when the first of the exiles were permitted to return to their homeland, they faced a harsh life of poverty and toil. To these returnees, the prophets Haggai and Zechariah promised a better future, while the fifth-century prophets Joel and Malachi added eschatological hopes to the mix.
The lists and maps below are from BibleMapper.com here.
…plenty of prophets (sometimes called “seers” in Scripture) often spoke in confrontational or eccentric language that put them at odds with kings and religious leaders, the biblical writers also applied the term prophet to people who communicated God’s messages in ways that many readers today might not think of as prophecy, such as worship leaders appointed by David to “prophesy with lyres, harps, and cymbals” (1 Chronicles 25:1).
Following is a list of nearly everyone designated as prophet or seer in the Old Testament and the primary area [location] of their ministry.
Prophets before 800 B.C.
• Deborah (1216 B.C.) [Judges 4:4] => Baal-tamar?
• Samuel (1070 B.C.) [1 Samuel 3:20; 1 Chronicles 29:29; 2 Chronicles 35:18] => Ramah
• Gad (1018 B.C.) [2 Samuel 24:11; 1 Chronicles 21:9; 29:29; 2 Chronicles 29:25] => Masada?
• Nathan (1000 B.C.) [2 Samuel 12:1; 1 Chronicles 29:29; 2 Chronicles 29:25] => Jerusalem
• Asaph (1000 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 29:30] => Jerusalem
• Ahijah (935 B.C.) [1 Kings 11:29; 2 Chronicles 9:29] => Jerusalem
• Shemaiah (930 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 12:2-15] => Jerusalem
• Iddo (913 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 9:29; 12:15; 13:22] => Jerusalem
• Jehu son of Hanani (890 B.C.) [1 Kings 16:1-7; 2 Chronicles 19:2] => Samaria?
• Azariah (890 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 15:1-8] => Jerusalem
• Elijah (860 B.C.) [1 Kings 18:36] => Samaria
• Micaiah (853 B.C.) [1 Kings 22:8-23; 2 Chronicles 18:7-22] => Samaria
• Jahaziel (853 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 20:14] => Jerusalem
• Eliezer (853 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 20:37] => Mareshah
• Elisha (850 B.C.) [1 Kings 19:16; 2 Kings 2:15] => Samaria
• Joel (835 B.C.) [Joel 1:1] => Jerusalem
Prophets after 800 B.C.
• Zechariah (796 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 24:20] => Jerusalem
• Jonah (780 B.C.) [2 Kings 14:25; Jonah 1:1] => Gath-hepher, Nineveh
• Hosea (770 B.C.) [Hosea 1:1] => Samaria?
• Amos (760 B.C.) [Amos 1:1] => Bethel
• Isaiah (730 B.C.) [2 Kings 19:2; 20:1; 2 Chronicles 26:22; 32:20, 32; Isaiah 1:1] => Jerusalem
• Micah (730 B.C.) [Jeremiah 26:18; Micah 1:1] => Moresheth
• Nahum (650 B.C.) [Nahum 1:1] => Elkosh (Capernaum?)
• Zephaniah (630 B.C.) [Zephaniah 1:1] => Jerusalem?
• Huldah (630 B.C.) [2 Kings 22:14] => Jerusalem
• Habakkuk (600 B.C.) [Habakkuk 1:1; 3:1] => Jerusalem?
• Ezekiel (592 B.C.) [Ezekiel 1:3] => Babylonia/Chebar River
• Uriah (600 B.C.) [Jeremiah 26:20] => Kiriath-jearim
• Jeremiah (587 B.C.) [2 Chronicles 36:12; Jeremiah 1:1; 19:14] => Jerusalem
• Obadiah (586 B.C.) [Obadiah 1:1] => Jerusalem
• Daniel (560 B.C.) [Daniel 7:1; Matthew 24:15] => Babylon
• Haggai (520 B.C.) [Ezra 5:1; Haggai 1:1] => Jerusalem
• Zechariah (520 B.C.) [Ezra 5:1; Zechariah 1:1] => Jerusalem
• Malachi (432 B.C.) [Malachi 1:1] => Jerusalem?
