Monarchs of the Kingdom of Judah and Israel

From ChatGPT – Q: List of monarchs from Jacob to Zedikiah

The monarchs of the Kingdom of Judah from Rehoboam (son of Solomon) to Zedekiah (the last king before the Babylonian exile) are as follows. Since you’re asking from Jacob (Israel’s patriarch) to Zedekiah, note that Jacob’s name was changed to Israel and was the father of the twelve tribes; thus, he wasn’t a monarch in the kingdom sense but the forefather. Here is the list of kings in the line from the unified kingdom (Saul, David, Solomon) down through the southern kingdom of Judah after the split:

United Kingdom (Israel and Judah)

1. Saul
2. David (founder of the Davidic line)
3. Solomon

After Solomon, the kingdom divided into Israel (Northern Kingdom) and Judah (Southern Kingdom). The following kings are from Judah (David’s descendants).

Kingdom of Judah (Southern Kingdom)

1. Rehoboam (son of Solomon)
2. Abijah
3. Asa
4. Jehoshaphat
5. Jehoram (Joram)
6. Ahaziah
7. Queen Athaliah (only queen regnant, usurped the throne briefly)
8. Joash (Jehoash)
9. Amaziah
10. Uzziah (Azariah)
11. Jotham
12. Ahaz
13. Hezekiah
14. Manasseh
15. Amon
16. Josiah
17. Jehoahaz (Shallum)
18. Jehoiakim (Eliakim)
19. Jehoiachin (Coniah)
20. Zedekiah (Mattaniah)

Zedekiah was the last king of Judah before the Babylonian conquest in 586 BCE, marking the end of the monarchy and leading to the exile.

---

The Northern Kingdom of Israel (often just called “Israel” in contrast to the Southern Kingdom of Judah) had a series of monarchs starting with Jeroboam I after the kingdom split from Judah. Here’s a list of the kings of Israel from Jeroboam onward:

1. Jeroboam I (c. 931–910 BCE)
2. Nadab (c. 910–909 BCE) – Jeroboam’s son
3. Baasha (c. 909–886 BCE) – overthrew Nadab
4. Elah (c. 886–885 BCE) – Baasha’s son
5. Zimri (c. 885 BCE) – reigned for seven days after killing Elah
6. Tibni (c. 885–880 BCE) – rival king with Omri (divided reign)
7. Omri (c. 885–874 BCE) – consolidated rule after Tibni’s death
8. Ahab (c. 874–853 BCE) – Omri’s son, known for conflicts with Elijah the prophet
9. Ahaziah (c. 853–852 BCE) – Ahab’s son
10. Joram (Jehoram) (c. 852–841 BCE) – Ahab’s other son, last of Omri’s line
11. Jehu (c. 841–814 BCE) – overthrew the Omride dynasty
12. Jehoahaz (c. 814–798 BCE) – Jehu’s son
13. Jehoash (Joash) (c. 798–782 BCE) – son of Jehoahaz
14. Jeroboam II (c. 782–753 BCE) – son of Jehoash; a prosperous reign
15. Zechariah (c. 753 BCE) – Jeroboam II’s son; assassinated
16. Shallum (c. 752 BCE) – reigned for one month, overthrown by Menahem
17. Menahem (c. 752–742 BCE) – seized power violently
18. Pekahiah (c. 742–740 BCE) – Menahem’s son, assassinated
19. Pekah (c. 752–732 BCE) – rival king against Pekahiah, eventually sole ruler
20. Hoshea (c. 732–722 BCE) – last king of Israel before Assyrian conquest

In 722 BCE, the Assyrian Empire conquered Israel, ending the Northern Kingdom’s independence.